

"Stranger Intimacy" received the American Historical Association Pacific Branch Norris and Carol Hundley Award for Most Distinguished Book on any historical subject. In Stranger Intimacy: Contesting Race, Sexuality, and the Law in the North American West, Shah explored the contestations over the meanings of state power and citizenship through the social relationships that arose among South Asian migrants in northwestern United States and Canada in the twentieth century. It won the Association of Asian American Studies History Book Prize in 2002.

Shah's first book, Contagious Divides: Epidemics and Race in San Francisco's Chinatown, examined the history of San Francisco Chinatown through the prism of public health and policy. His research is most well known for its reconceptualization of how racial meanings are constituted through the articulations of gender and sexuality in state politics and culture. Shah's research and teaching focuses on the struggles over state authority in relation to the politics of race and gender.
